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Advancement
Description
In an isomorphic analysis, any form of flow is the advancement of a process per unit of time, expressed in a specific motive unit [MU∙s-1], e.g., ampere for electric flow or current [A≡C∙s-1], watt for heat flow [W≡J∙s-1], and for chemical flow the unit is [mol∙s-1] (extent of reaction per time). The corresponding motive forces are the partial exergy (Gibbs energy) changes per advancement [J∙MU-1], expressed in volt for electric force [V≡J∙C-1], dimensionless for thermal force [J∙J-1], and for chemical force the unit is [J∙mol-1], which deserves a specific acronym ([Jol]) comparable to volt. For chemical processes of reaction and diffusion, the advancement is the amount of motive substance [mol]. The concept was originally introduced by De Donder [1]. Central to the concept of advancement is the stoichiometric number, νX, associated with each motive component X (transformant [2]).
In a chemical reaction, r, the motive entity is the stoichiometric amount of reactant, drnX, with stoichiometric number νX. The advancement of the chemical reaction, drξ [mol], is then defined as
drξ = drnX·νX-1
The flow of the chemical reaction, Ir [mol·s-1], is advancement per time,
Ir = drξ·dt-1
Abbreviation: dtrξ
Reference: Gnaiger (1993) Pure Appl Chem
Communicated by Gnaiger E 2018-10-16
- » Advancement per volume, dtrY = dtrξ∙V-1
References
- De Donder T (1936) Thermodynamic theory of affinity: a book of principles. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
- Gnaiger E (1993) Nonequilibrium thermodynamics of energy transformations. Pure Appl Chem 65:1983-2002. - »Bioblast link«
MitoPedia concepts:
MiP concept,
Ergodynamics
