Krajcova 2017 MITOEAGLE Obergurgl
Developing a method of assessing mitochondrial functions in homogenates of human heart muscle. |
Link: MitoEAGLE
Krajcova A, Megvinet D, Waldauf P, Urban T, Budera P, Hlavicka J, Duska F, Drahota Z (2017)
Event: MitoEAGLE Obergurgl 2017
Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with a variety of both congenital and acquired heart diseases. Recently, there has been growing interest in the research of cardio-toxic adverse effects of commonly used drugs which may cause severe damage of cardiac mitochondria leading to its serious clinical manifestation (arrhythmias or heart failure). Several methods are currently used for investigation of mitochondrial metabolism of human cardiac muscle on high-resolution respirometry, but these are limited either by need of a large amount of tissue biopsy (isolated mitochondria) or lengthy, time-consuming process of sample preparation (permeabilized muscle fibers). Moreover, permeabilization of cardiac muscle fibers allows still complicated and inaccurate determination of citrate synthase activity as marker of mitochondrial content in the measured sample.
Our study aims to develop the protocol of human cardiac tissue preparation, which could be performed from minimal amount of biopsy and would be fast and reproducible. We adopted method of tissue homogenates previously described by Pecinova et al. [1] on animal models. After preparation of tissue homogenates, we aimed to develop a protocol for measurement of basic mitochondrial functions by high-resolution respirometry (HRR; O2k-Oxygraph). The heart muscle samples were obtained from right atrial appendages in patients undergoing cardiac surgery (n=28). Firstly, we performed a series of experiments to obtain an optimal concentration of tissue homogenate without damage of outer mitochondrial membrane during homogenization process. After that, we developed substrate-uncoupler-inhibitor-titrations protocol to study basic mitochondrial parameters. Mitochondrial functions were assessed immediately and in different time intervals after muscle biopsy to test durability of samples. Lastly, we focused on a range of variability between prepared tissue homogenates and its normalization on citrate synthase activity.
Muscle tissue was cut into small pieces on ice and disrupted by 8-10 strokes in a Potter-Elvehjam Teflon-Glass homogenizer (750 rpmi, clearance 750 nm). We confirmed the integrity of outer mitochondrial membrane as the rate of oxygen consumption (OCR) increased up to 16ยฑ6% after addition of cytochrome c. Optimal concentration of homogenate was determined as 2.5% (=2.5mg of tissue/per 100 ml of isolation buffer). The oxygen consumption rate dropped by 2% with every 10% of decreasing oxygen concentration in the chamber until a steep part of the curve was achieved. Accordingly, we developed a mathematical adjustment of OCR to oxygen limitation. Final concentrations for substrates were established for glutamate (15 mM), malate (2.5 mM), succinate (10 mM), cytochrome (10 ยตM) and ADP (1.5 mM). Optimal concentration for ATPase inhibitor oligomycin was 1 ยตM and for uncoupler FCCP 2.75 ยตM without inhibitory effect. Durability tests demonstrated that heart biopsy sample was stable on ice for up to 48 hours (with huge inter-individual variability). Coefficient of variation was 33.2ยฑ16.8 % for maximum respiratory capacity, 10.2ยฑ5.3% for coupling ratio and 18ยฑ10% for coefficient of variation in citrate synthase measurement.
We developed fast and simple method for assessment of mitochondrial functions in cytosolic context of human heart muscle, which is possible to perform from the minimal amount of tissue (about 10 mg) during e.g. endomyocardial biopsies. In order to reduce our variability, we plan to filtrate the crude homogenate through nylon mesh before its insertion to the chamber of HRR or before spectrophotometric assay of citrate synthase activity. Obtained data from high-resolution respirometry could be then normalized to the amount of mitochondrial content. This can be of particular interest in diseases, where the activities of mitochondrial enzymes are decreased, but mitochondrial proliferation can compensate for this defect, so the resulting oxygen consumption rate can be almost unchanged.
โข Bioblast editor: Kandolf G
โข O2k-Network Lab: CZ Hradec Kralove Cervinkova Z, CZ Prague Houstek J, CZ Prague Krajcova A
Labels: MiParea: Respiration, Pharmacology;toxicology Pathology: Cardiovascular
Organism: Human
Preparation: Homogenate
Coupling state: LEAK, OXPHOS, ET
Pathway: N, NS
HRR: Oxygraph-2k
Event: A1, Oral
Affiliations
- Krajฤovรก A(1,2), Megvinet D(1), Waldauf P(1), Urban T(1), Budera P(3), Hlaviฤka J(3), Duลกka F(1), Drahota Z(4)
- OXYLAB โ Lab Mitochondrial Physiol, Dept Anaesthesiol, Intensive Care, Third Fac Med, Charles Univ
- Centre Research Diabetes, Metabolism Nutrition, Third Fac Med, Charles Univ
- Dept Cardiac Surgery, Third Fac Med, Charles Univ
- Inst Physiol, Czech Academy Sciences
- Prague, Czech Republic.- [email protected]
Figures
Figure 1. The dependency of oxygen flux on oxygen concentration (oxygen consumption rate dropped by 2% with every 10% of decreasing oxygen concentration in the chamber).
References
- Pecinovรก A, Drahota Z, Nลฏskovรก H, Pecina P, Houลกtฤk J (2011) Evaluation of basic mitochondrial functions using rat tissue homogenates. Mitochondrion 11:722-8.
Support
- Recepient of a MitoEAGLE scholarship.
- The work was supported by PROGRES Q36/7, UNCE, AZV 16-28663 A.