GM-pathway control state: Difference between revisions
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{{MitoPedia | {{MitoPedia | ||
|abbr=GM | |abbr=GM | ||
|description='''GM''': [[Glutamate]] & [[Malate]]. | |description=[[File:GM.jpg|left|200px|GM]] '''GM''': [[Glutamate]] & [[Malate]]. | ||
'''MitoPathway control:''' | '''MitoPathway control state:''' [[NADH electron transfer-pathway state]] | ||
The '''GM-pathway control state''' (glutamate-malate pathway control state) is established when glutamate&malate are added to isolated mitochondria, permeabilized cells and other mitochondrial preparations. Glutamate and transaminase are responsible for the metabolism of [[oxaloacetate]], comparable to the metabolism with acetyl-CoA and citrate synthase. | |||
|info=[[Gnaiger 2020 BEC MitoPathways]] | |||
}} | |||
::: ''More details'' | |||
::::ยป [[NADH electron transfer-pathway state]] | |||
::::ยป [[Additive effect of convergent electron flow]] | |||
::::ยป [[Respiratory_complexes#Respiratory_complexes_-_more_than_five |Respiratory complexes - more than five]] | |||
::::ยป [[Convergent electron flow]] | |||
__TOC__ | |||
== GM<sub>''L''</sub> == | |||
:::: GM pathway in the LEAK state can be evaluated in the following SUIT protocols: | |||
:::*[[SUIT-011]] | |||
:::*[[SUIT-014]] | |||
== GM | == GM<sub>''P''</sub> == | ||
:::: GM pathway in the OXPHOS state can be evaluated in the following SUIT protocols: | |||
:::*[[SUIT-007]] | |||
::::* DL-Protocol for permeabilized cells (pce): | |||
:::*[[SUIT-011]] | |||
:::*[[SUIT-014]] | |||
== GM | == GM<sub>''E''</sub> == | ||
:::: GM pathway in the ET state can be evaluated in the following SUIT protocols: | |||
:::*[[SUIT-007]] | |||
::::* DL-Protocol for permeabilized cells (pce): | |||
== Discussion == | == Discussion == | ||
In human skeletal muscle mitochondria, respiration with GM in the presence of ADP (GM | :::: In human skeletal muscle mitochondria, respiration with GM in the presence of ADP (GM<sub>''P''</sub>) is identical or 10 % higher than with [[PM]] (PM<sub>''P''</sub>). These results on isolated mitochondria agree with permeabilized fibres, although there are reports on respiratory capacity for PM<sub>''P''</sub> being 16% to 25% higher than for GM<sub>''P''</sub>. In fibroblasts, GM<sub>''P''</sub> supports a higher respiratory flux than PM<sub>''P''</sub>. | ||
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{{MitoPedia concepts | |||
|mitopedia concept=SUIT state | |||
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Latest revision as of 15:32, 2 August 2023
Description
MitoPathway control state: NADH electron transfer-pathway state
The GM-pathway control state (glutamate-malate pathway control state) is established when glutamate&malate are added to isolated mitochondria, permeabilized cells and other mitochondrial preparations. Glutamate and transaminase are responsible for the metabolism of oxaloacetate, comparable to the metabolism with acetyl-CoA and citrate synthase.
Abbreviation: GM
Reference: Gnaiger 2020 BEC MitoPathways
GML
GMP
GME
- GM pathway in the ET state can be evaluated in the following SUIT protocols:
- DL-Protocol for permeabilized cells (pce):
Discussion
- In human skeletal muscle mitochondria, respiration with GM in the presence of ADP (GMP) is identical or 10 % higher than with PM (PMP). These results on isolated mitochondria agree with permeabilized fibres, although there are reports on respiratory capacity for PMP being 16% to 25% higher than for GMP. In fibroblasts, GMP supports a higher respiratory flux than PMP.
MitoPedia concepts:
SUIT state